The primary ingredient in traditional hummus is chickpeas, also known as garbanzo beans. These legumes are cooked and then blended to create a smooth, creamy texture. Chickpeas provide a rich source of protein, fiber, and essential nutrients, making hummus a healthy option. Other ingredients typically include tahini (ground sesame seeds), olive oil, lemon juice, garlic, and salt, which enhance the flavor and nutritional profile of the dish. Although variations exist, chickpeas remain the cornerstone of hummus, making it a popular spread or dip in Middle Eastern cuisine and beyond.