The primary ingredient in olive oil is olives. Olive oil is extracted from the fruit of the olive tree (Olea europaea), a tree native to the Mediterranean region. Typically, green olives yield a more robust flavor, while ripe black olives produce milder oil. The process of making olive oil involves harvesting the olives, crushing them, and then extracting the oil through mechanical means or centrifugation. High-quality extra virgin olive oil is celebrated for its health benefits, rich flavor, and versatility in cooking. It is commonly used in salad dressings, marinades, and as a finishing touch for various dishes, embodying Mediterranean cuisine.