The primary ingredient in a margherita pizza is tomato, specifically in the form of a tomato sauce spread across the dough. This traditional Italian pizza celebrates simple yet fresh ingredients, including basil and mozzarella cheese, which complement the tomato sauce beautifully. The sauce is usually made from ripe tomatoes, either fresh or canned, often seasoned with salt and olive oil for added flavor. The colors of the ingredients—red (tomato), white (mozzarella), and green (basil)—represent the colors of the Italian flag, adding a cultural significance to this classic dish that has become beloved worldwide.