The primary ingredient in a classic Caesar salad is romaine lettuce. This crisp, leafy green serves as the base for the salad, which is typically topped with croutons, Parmesan cheese, and a creamy Caesar dressing made from ingredients like garlic, anchovies, egg yolks, lemon juice, Dijon mustard, and olive oil. The contrast of textures between the crunchy lettuce and croutons, along with the bold, savory flavors of the dressing, makes Caesar salad a popular choice for many. It’s often enjoyed as a side dish or as a main meal when additional proteins are added.