The primary focus of an economist is to study how societies allocate scarce resources to meet the needs and wants of individuals and businesses. Economists analyze the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services, seeking to understand how economic agents make decisions. They explore various factors influencing these decisions, such as supply and demand, market structures, and government interventions. Economists also examine broader issues like economic growth, unemployment, inflation, and international trade, using theories and models to predict trends and provide insights that can guide policymakers in formulating effective economic policies.