The natural satellite of the Earth is the Moon. It is the fifth-largest moon in the Solar System and plays a crucial role in various Earth processes, such as tides, which are caused by its gravitational pull. The Moon has a significant cultural and scientific impact, serving as a focus for human exploration, notably during NASA's Apollo missions, which landed astronauts on its surface. Its phases have influenced calendars and myths across civilizations. The Moon's surface is characterized by craters, maria, and mountains, offering a stark contrast to the vibrant life found on Earth.