The second-largest continent is Africa. Covering approximately 30.2 million square kilometers (11.7 million square miles), Africa is renowned for its diverse geography, cultural richness, and biodiversity. It is home to 54 recognized countries and features a wide range of environments, including deserts, savannas, rainforests, and mountains. Additionally, Africa has significant natural resources and is known for its wildlife and ecosystems. The continent is also the birthplace of humanity, with numerous archaeological sites showcasing the evolution of humans over millennia.