The name of the process by which water vapor condenses into liquid water is called "condensation." This process occurs when water vapor in the air cools and loses energy, causing the gas molecules to come together and form liquid droplets. Condensation is a key part of the water cycle, playing a significant role in weather patterns and the formation of clouds. It can occur on various surfaces, like cooling glass or cold air masses, and is also responsible for phenomena such as dew and fog. Condensation is essential for replenishing water sources on Earth.