The name of the first satellite to orbit the Earth is Sputnik 1. Launched by the Soviet Union on October 4, 1957, Sputnik 1 marked the beginning of the space age and initiated the era of space exploration. This spherical satellite, which transmitted radio pulses back to Earth, demonstrated the feasibility of placing artificial satellites in orbit. Sputnik 1’s successful launch not only showcased Soviet technological prowess but also triggered the space race between the United States and the Soviet Union, leading to significant advancements in aerospace technology and exploration.