The famous scientist who proposed the laws of motion is Sir Isaac Newton. In the 17th century, Newton formulated three fundamental laws that describe the relationship between the motion of an object and the forces acting on it. His first law states that an object at rest will remain at rest, and an object in motion will remain in motion unless acted upon by an external force. His second law establishes the relationship between force, mass, and acceleration, while his third law explains that for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. Newton's work laid the groundwork for classical mechanics and greatly influenced modern physics.