The name of the famous ancient city that lies beneath the sands of the Sahara Desert is Ur. Ur was a prominent Sumerian city-state in ancient Mesopotamia, located near the present-day city of Nasiriyah in Iraq. It flourished around 3000 BCE and was a significant trade, cultural, and religious center during its peak. Archaeological excavations have uncovered ziggurats, residential areas, and royal tombs, providing insights into early urban civilization and societal structures. Ur is often noted for its impressive architecture and contributions to early writing and governance, showcasing the richness of ancient history.