As of October 2023, the most populous country in the world is China, with a population exceeding 1.4 billion people. India closely follows, with nearly the same population and is projected to surpass China soon due to its higher growth rate. China's significant population influences its culture, economy, and global relations. Over recent decades, the country has undergone rapid urbanization and economic transformation, attracting international businesses and opportunities. However, challenges such as resource management, environmental concerns, and social inequality persist due to this vast population density.