The most effective way to clean water is through a combination of filtration and disinfection. Filtration removes physical contaminants such as sediment, bacteria, and particulates, often using materials like activated carbon, sand, or membranes. Disinfection, often achieved through chemical methods like chlorine treatment or physical methods like UV radiation, targets pathogens in the water. Together, these processes ensure that the water is not only clear but also safe for consumption, effectively reducing the risk of waterborne diseases.