The medical term for the common cold is "acute viral rhinitis." This term describes the inflammation of the nasal mucous membranes caused by viral infections, most commonly rhinoviruses. Symptoms typically include a runny or stuffy nose, sore throat, coughing, sneezing, and general malaise. The common cold is highly contagious and is often spread through respiratory droplets or contact with contaminated surfaces. While there is no cure for the cold, treatment usually involves symptomatic relief, such as rest, hydration, and over-the-counter medications to alleviate discomfort. Most colds resolve within a week to ten days without serious complications.