The main source of energy for photosynthesis is sunlight. In this process, plants, algae, and some bacteria convert light energy into chemical energy, specifically in the form of glucose. The chlorophyll pigments in the chloroplasts absorb light, primarily in the blue and red wavelengths, facilitating the conversion of carbon dioxide and water into oxygen and glucose. Photosynthesis is vital for life on Earth, as it provides the oxygen we breathe and is the foundation of the food chain, supporting various ecosystems.