The main ingredient used in a traditional pizza dough is flour, specifically wheat flour. The flour provides the essential structure and texture to the dough, creating a chewy and crisp crust when baked. Typically, all-purpose flour or bread flour is used, often mixed with water, yeast, salt, and sometimes olive oil. The yeast fermentation process is essential for creating the dough's rise and airy texture. While various regional pizza styles exist, the dough remains a fundamental component, contributing to the overall flavor and quality of the pizza.