The main ingredient in the French dish ratatouille is eggplant, also known as aubergine. Ratatouille is a traditional Provençal dish that showcases the flavors of Mediterranean vegetables. Besides eggplant, the dish typically includes zucchini, bell peppers, tomatoes, onions, and herbs like basil and thyme. The vegetables are often sautéed or simmered together, allowing them to meld their flavors. Ratatouille is versatile and can be served hot or cold, as a side dish, or as a main course. Its colorful presentation and rich, savory taste make it a popular choice in French cuisine, reflecting the region's agricultural bounty.