The main ingredient in traditional margherita pizza is San Marzano tomatoes, which are grown in the volcanic soil of the San Marzano region near Naples, Italy. These tomatoes are known for their rich flavor and low acidity, making them perfect for pizza sauce. In addition to the tomatoes, a classic margherita pizza includes fresh mozzarella cheese, basil leaves, olive oil, and a thin, chewy crust. The pizza represents the colors of the Italian flag—red from the tomatoes, white from the mozzarella, and green from the basil—creating a simple yet delicious dish that celebrates Italian culinary heritage.