The main ingredient in hummus is chickpeas, also known as garbanzo beans. These legumes are cooked and then blended with tahini (a paste made from sesame seeds), olive oil, lemon juice, garlic, and various seasonings. Chickpeas provide a creamy texture and a nutty flavor, while also being rich in protein, fiber, and essential nutrients. Hummus is a staple in Middle Eastern cuisine and has gained global popularity as a healthy dip or spread. Its versatility allows for numerous variations, including the addition of ingredients like roasted red peppers, olives, or spices.