The longest canal in the world is the Grand Canal in China. This impressive waterway stretches over 1,100 miles (1,700 kilometers) and connects Beijing in the north to Hangzhou in the south. Historically significant, the canal facilitated the transportation of goods, primarily rice, and became vital for trade and economic development in ancient China. Construction began in the 5th century BC and was expanded over centuries, showcasing remarkable engineering and labor. Today, the Grand Canal is a UNESCO World Heritage Site, reflecting both cultural heritage and the historical significance of waterways in Chinese civilization.