The geographic term for the study of Earth and its features is "geography." Geography encompasses the analysis of physical landscapes, the distribution of populations, and human interactions with the environment. It incorporates two primary branches: physical geography, which focuses on natural features such as landforms and climate, and human geography, which examines cultural, economic, and political aspects of human activity. The study of geography plays a vital role in understanding spatial relationships and the complexities of Earth's systems, informing policy decisions, environmental management, and urban planning, among other fields.