The common term for the process by which plants make their food is photosynthesis. This vital process occurs primarily in the leaves and involves plants converting sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water into glucose (a form of sugar) and oxygen. The chlorophyll in plant cells captures sunlight, which provides the energy needed for this transformation. During photosynthesis, plants not only produce the energy necessary for their growth and survival but also release oxygen, which is essential for most life forms on Earth. This process underscores the importance of plants in maintaining ecological balance and supporting life on the planet.