The common name for the species of animal known as Canis lupus is the gray wolf. Gray wolves are the largest members of the canid family and are known for their social behavior, typically living in packs that consist of family units. They are highly adaptable and can be found in a variety of habitats, from forests and tundra to deserts. Gray wolves play a crucial role in maintaining the health of ecosystems by controlling prey populations, which helps to preserve ecological balance. They have significant cultural and symbolic importance in many societies, often representing wilderness and the untamed spirit of nature.