The chemical symbol for the element "S" is S, derived from the Latin word "sulfur." It is a non-metal and has an atomic number of 16 on the periodic table. Sulfur is an essential element found in various biological processes and is commonly associated with proteins and amino acids, such as cysteine and methionine. It has a distinct pungent odor when burned, akin to rotten eggs. Sulfur occurs naturally in minerals and is an integral part of many industrial processes, including the manufacturing of fertilizers, chemicals, and pharmaceuticals. Its versatile properties make it significant in various scientific fields.