The chemical name for table salt is sodium chloride, often denoted by the formula NaCl. This compound is composed of sodium (Na) and chlorine (Cl) ions, which bond together in a 1:1 ratio to form a crystalline structure. Sodium chloride is a vital dietary mineral that helps regulate fluid balance, nerve function, and muscle contraction in the human body. Beyond its dietary importance, table salt is commonly used as a seasoning and preservative in food preparation. It has various industrial applications, including in the production of chlorine, caustic soda, and other chemicals, making it a significant compound in both culinary and industrial contexts.