The capital of Vatican City is Vatican City itself, which is an independent city-state enclave surrounded by Rome, Italy. Established as a separate sovereign entity in 1929 through the Lateran Treaty, Vatican City serves as the spiritual and administrative center of the Roman Catholic Church. This smallest independent state in the world is home to the Pope, as well as significant religious and cultural sites such as St. Peter's Basilica and the Vatican Museums, which house priceless art and historical artifacts. Its unique status makes it a focal point for Catholics globally.