The capital of Iraq is Baghdad. Situated along the Tigris River, it has been a significant cultural and political center for centuries. Founded in the 8th century, Baghdad became the capital of the Abbasid Caliphate and was known for its advancements in science, medicine, and literature during the Islamic Golden Age. Today, it remains the largest city in Iraq, rich in history and diversity, though it has faced challenges from conflict and economic instability in recent decades. The city's vibrant markets, historic architecture, and strategic location continue to make it an important hub in the Middle East.