The capital city of a state is referred to as the state's capital. It serves as the seat of government and typically houses key state offices, legislative bodies, and administrative functions. Capitals often have historical significance and are chosen based on various factors, such as geography, economy, or political considerations. In the United States, each state has its own capital, with cities like Sacramento (California), Austin (Texas), and Albany (New York) serving this role. Capitals can vary widely in size, influence, and historical development, reflecting the unique character and governance of their respective states.