The Berlin Wall famously divided East and West Berlin during the Cold War. Built in 1961, the wall was a physical and ideological barrier that represented the broader division between the communist Eastern Bloc and the capitalist West. Its construction aimed to stop the mass emigration of East Germans to the West, but it became a symbol of repression and lack of freedom. The wall stood until its fall in 1989, marking a significant moment in history that represented the end of the Cold War and the reunification of Germany.