The term "geography" studies the Earth's landscapes, environments, and the relationships between people and their environments. It encompasses various subfields, including human geography, physical geography, and environmental geography. Human geography focuses on how human activity affects or is influenced by geographical space, while physical geography examines natural features such as mountains, rivers, climate, and ecosystems. Geographic analysis utilizes tools like maps and spatial data to understand and describe the complexities of both the natural world and human societies, making it essential for addressing issues like urban planning, environmental management, and globalization.