The sudden release of energy from the Earth's crust is referred to as an earthquake. This phenomenon occurs when accumulated stress from tectonic movements causes a rupture along a fault line. The resulting seismic waves can lead to ground shaking, which can vary in intensity based on the earthquake's magnitude, depth, and distance from populated areas. Earthquakes can have devastating effects, such as building collapses, tsunamis, and loss of life. Monitoring and studying earthquakes is essential for understanding geological processes and improving safety measures in earthquake-prone regions.