The science of classifying living organisms is known as taxonomy. Taxonomy involves organizing and categorizing species based on shared characteristics and evolutionary relationships. It includes various levels of classification, starting from broad categories like domains and kingdoms to more specific groups like genus and species. This scientific discipline plays a crucial role in biology, biodiversity conservation, and environmental science by enabling scientists to identify, study, and understand the complex web of life on Earth. The classification system helps in tracking species, assessing ecological health, and facilitating communication among scientists.