The science of classification and naming of organisms is called taxonomy. Taxonomy is a crucial aspect of biology that involves grouping living organisms based on shared characteristics, evolutionary relationships, and natural hierarchies. The process includes identifying, naming, and classifying species into categories such as domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, and species. This systematic organization helps scientists communicate about varieties of life forms, understand biodiversity, and study relationships among organisms. Proper taxonomy is vital for conservation efforts and managing ecosystems as it provides a framework for studying life on Earth and its interactions.