A line of latitude that is at 0 degrees is called the Equator. The Equator divides the Earth into the Northern and Southern Hemispheres and is a reference point used for measuring latitude, which indicates how far north or south a location is from the Equator. It is located equidistant from the North and South Poles and experiences a relatively consistent climate throughout the year, characterized by warm temperatures and high humidity. The Equator also plays a significant role in global weather patterns and ecosystems, making it an important geographical feature for understanding Earth's climate and biodiversity.