The science of classifying living things is called taxonomy. Taxonomy is the branch of biology that deals with the naming and categorizing of organisms based on shared characteristics, evolutionary history, and relationships. It involves a hierarchical system, starting from broader categories like domains and kingdoms down to species. Scientists in this field aim to organize the immense diversity of life on Earth, facilitating better understanding, communication, and study of different organisms. Taxonomy helps in biodiversity conservation and is essential for fields such as ecology, agriculture, and medicine, providing insights into the relationships and functions of various life forms.