A balanced diet consists of five key components: carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, and minerals. Carbohydrates are the body's primary energy source, while proteins are essential for tissue repair and growth. Healthy fats support brain function and hormone production. Vitamins and minerals play crucial roles in various bodily functions, including immunity and bone health. Additionally, incorporating fruits and vegetables provides fiber and antioxidants. Portion control and variety are also vital to ensure the intake of essential nutrients and to maintain a healthy weight, ultimately promoting overall well-being.