The ancient civilization that built the pyramids in Egypt is the ancient Egyptians. These remarkable structures, particularly the Great Pyramid of Giza, were constructed during the Old Kingdom period, around 2580–2560 BCE, as monumental tombs for pharaohs. The pyramids showcased the advanced architectural and engineering skills of the Egyptians and served both religious and political purposes. They were built with immense labor and resources, reflecting the society's complex organization and beliefs in the afterlife. Today, the pyramids remain one of the most iconic symbols of ancient Egyptian civilization and are a UNESCO World Heritage site.