The Industrial Revolution began in Great Britain around the late 18th century, roughly from the 1760s to the 1840s, and marked a significant shift from agrarian economies to industrialized and urban societies. This period saw the introduction of new machinery, improved transportation, and the establishment of factories, leading to increased production rates and economic growth. Innovations such as the steam engine and spinning jenny revolutionized manufacturing processes. The Industrial Revolution had profound effects on social structures, leading to urbanization, altered labor dynamics, and technological advances that shaped modern industry, economy, and society globally.