Significant themes that appear consistently in the exams conducted by UPSC over the past few years include sustainability, good governance, and social justice. Current trends reflect an increasing focus on environmental issues, economic development, and the impact of technology on society. Additionally, topics related to women empowerment, health crises, and international relations have gained prominence. Understanding these recurring themes helps aspirants tailor their preparation effectively, ensuring they are aligned with the examiners' expectations and current national priorities. Familiarity with these issues is essential for success in both the Mains and Interview stages.