Marie Curie is recognized as the first woman to win a Nobel Prize in Physics. In 1903, she was awarded jointly with her husband, Pierre Curie, and Henri Becquerel for their work on radioactivity. Curie's groundbreaking research not only advanced the field of physics but also laid the foundation for significant developments in medical science, particularly in radiation therapy. Subsequently, she became the first person to win a second Nobel Prize, this time in Chemistry, highlighting her contributions to the understanding of radium and polonium.